As mentioned in the article of Nikkei Medical 2025/4/16, with increasing globalization and a growing number of foreign residents in Japan, the country’s healthcare system has made some progress in addressing the needs of non-Japanese patients. However, several challenges still remain, particularly in the areas of language, cultural differences, and access to medical information. This paper explores the current status of healthcare services for foreign residents in Japan, highlighting both the achievements and the areas requiring further improvement.
1. Medical Access and Concerns Among Foreign Residents
According to a 2020 survey conducted by YOLO JAPAN, around 60% of foreign residents expressed anxiety when using Japanese medical facilities. The primary concerns included language barriers and a lack of understanding of how to navigate the medical system.
Language Barriers and Communication Issues
Approximately 33% of respondents reported difficulty communicating with reception staff or doctors due to language issues. Nearly 30% said they could not adequately express their symptoms. These language barriers often lead to misunderstandings or inadequate treatment and are a significant obstacle for non-Japanese speakers.
Unfamiliarity with Medical Systems
Around 29% of respondents were unsure how to make appointments or pay for medical services, and 23% were uncertain about which medical department to consult. These issues are particularly acute for newcomers unfamiliar with Japan’s healthcare structure.
2. Language Support in Medical Institutions
According to data from Japan’s Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, only a limited number of medical institutions provide language support. About 21% of hospitals have medical interpreters, 8% offer telephone interpreting services, and 12% are equipped with multilingual digital devices like tablets or smartphones. These figures reveal that many facilities are still not fully equipped to handle the diverse needs of foreign patients.
3. Medical Costs and Payment Issues
Despite concerns from some healthcare providers, around 90% of foreign residents reported no experience with unpaid medical bills. This indicates a relatively high awareness and responsibility regarding healthcare payments among foreign patients. However, when non-payment does occur, the administrative burden can be significant for medical institutions.
4. Cultural and Religious Differences in Healthcare
Cultural and religious differences may lead to misunderstandings or friction in medical settings. Dietary restrictions, approaches to medication, and treatment preferences can differ significantly across cultures. Medical institutions are increasingly expected to demonstrate cultural sensitivity and flexibility to address these differences appropriately.
5. Government and Local Initiatives
The Japanese government and local authorities have taken steps to improve healthcare access for foreigners. For example, the Ministry of Health has created a manual for hospitals on how to accommodate foreign patients, including tips on understanding diverse religious practices and healthcare beliefs. Many local governments are also providing multilingual healthcare information and interpreter services tailored to their region’s needs.
6. Private Sector Support
Private companies are also playing a role. YOLO JAPAN, for instance, offers services like “YOLO Medical,” a multilingual questionnaire platform that helps foreign patients communicate their symptoms accurately to medical staff. These services are helping to reduce communication burdens on both patients and healthcare providers.
7. Future Challenges and Prospects
As the number of foreign residents continues to grow, the healthcare system must evolve. Priorities include increasing cultural competency among healthcare workers, expanding multilingual support, and improving communication about health insurance and medical services. Building a flexible and inclusive healthcare environment will enhance both service quality and patient satisfaction.
8. Conclusion
While Japan has made notable progress in creating a more inclusive healthcare system for foreign residents, challenges remain. Addressing language barriers, cultural differences, and information accessibility are crucial to ensuring equitable healthcare for all. With coordinated efforts by medical institutions, government agencies, and private entities, Japan can move toward a truly multicultural and patient-centered healthcare system—one that upholds the right to health, regardless of nationality or language.